Thermochemical Principles Level 3

Introduction

Getting Started

Course Content

Other

How Good are Your Study Habits?

Section 1  Electron Configurations

Atomic Number

Atomic Mass

Atomic Orbitals

Energy Levels

Energy Levels and Atomic Orbitals

Electron Configuration

Aufbau Principle

Hund's Rule

Electron Configuration Notation of Atoms

Electron Configuration Notation of Ions

Shorthand Notation for Electron Configurations

Unusual Electron Configurations

Summary

Learning Objectives

Quizzes

• Atomic structure and electron configuration-Quiz set 1. 30 mcq questions and answers.
• Atomic structure and electron configuration-Quiz set 2. 25 mcq and short answer questions and answers.
• Atomic structure and electron configuration-Quiz set 3. 27 mcq and short answer questions and answers.
• Comprehension-Quiz set 4. 10 short answer questions and answers.

Section 2  Periodic Table Trends

Atomic Radii

Ionic Radii

Electronegativity

1st Ionisation Energy

Electron Affinity

Summary – Important Keywords and Phrases

Summary

Learning Objectives

Quiz

• Periodic table trends-Quiz set 1. 39 mcq questions and answers.

Section 3  Lewis Structures & Molecular Shapes (1)

Lewis Structures

How to draw a Lewis Diagram

Boron (B) and Beryllium (Be)

Molecular Shape

How the Lewis structure can be Used to Determine the Shape of a Molecule – using VSEPR Theory

Double and Triple Bonds in VSEPR Theory

Molecular Polarity

Dipoles

Molecular Symmetry

Learning Objectives

Quizzes

• Lewis structure and shape-Quiz set 1. 53 mcq and short answer questions and answers.
• Lewis structure and shape-Quiz set 2. 12 short answer questions and answers.

Section 4  Lewis Structures & Molecular Shapes (2)

Molecules with Five Electron Dense Regions

Molecular Analysis of Phosphorus Pentachloride, PCl₅

AXE Method

Molecular Analysis of Sulfur Tetrafluoride, SF₄

Mini-me and My Atomic Space Chariot Experience

Molecular Analysis of Chlorine Trifluoride, ClF₃

Molecular Analysis of Xenon Difluoride, XeF₂

Molecules with Six Electron Dense Regions

Molecular Analysis of Sulfur Hexafluoride, SF₆

Molecular Analysis of Iodine Pentafluoride, IF₅

Molecular Analysis of Xenon Tetrafluoride, XeF₄

Lewis Analysis of Ions

Lewis Structure of Phosphorus Hexachloride, PCl₆^-

Molecular Analysis of the Hydronium Ion, H₃O⁺

Summary of Molecular Geometries

Learning Objectives

Quiz

• Lewis structure and shape-Quiz set 1. 40 short answer exam questions and answers.

Section 5  Entropy

Entropy Defined

Learning Objectives

Quiz

• Entropy-Quiz set 1. 9 short questions and answers.

Section 6  Properties of Substances

Molecular Substances

Molecular Polarity

Solubility, Boiling Points, and Melting Points of Molecular Substances

Intermolecular Forces

Temporary Dipole-Dipole Attractive Forces (London Dispersion Forces)

Permanent Dipole-Dipole Interactions

Hydrogen Bonding

Metallic Substances

Ionic Substances

Covalent Network Substances

Learning Objectives

Quizzes

• Properties of Substances-Quiz set 1. 43 mcq and short answer questions and answers.
• Properties of Substances-Quiz set 2. 16 mcq questions and answers.
• Properties of Substances-Quiz set 3. 14 short answer questions and answers.
• Properties of Substances-Quiz set 4. 30 mcq and short answer questions and answers.

Section 7  Thermochemical Principles

Classification of Reactions as Exothermic and Endothermic

Thermochemical Equations

Calculating ΔH Using Masses of Substances

Calculating ΔH Using Average Bond Energies

Changes of State and Enthalpy (latent heat)

Gibbs Free Energy – Spontaneous Reaction or Not?

Calculating the ΔH of Reaction using Calorimetry

Enthalpy of Formation, ΔfH°

Hess’s Law

Summary-Enthalpy

Learning Objectives

Introduction to the Appendices

Quizzes

• Enthalpy-Quiz set 1. 45 mcq questions and answers.
• Enthalpy-Quiz set 2. 36 mcq and short answer questions and answers.
• Enthalpy-Quiz set 3. 40 short answer exam questions and answers.
• Hess's Law-Quiz set 4. 6 short answer questions and answers.

Appendix 1 - The Official Prescription

Appendix 2 - AS91390 Study Checklist

Appendix 3 - Electron configuration – an alternative methodology

Appendix 4 - VSEPR and Molecular Geometries - Summary

Appendix 5 - Exam Resource Booklet

Appendix 6 - About the Author